This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.The book offers a deliberately simple introduction to boundary element methods...
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.The book offers a deliberately simple introduction to boundary element methods applicable to a wide range of engineering problems. The mathematics are kept as simple as reasonably possible. Several boundary element computer programs, written in both Fortran and Matlab, suitable for use on desktops or laptops are presented and described in detail and their uses are illustrated with the aid of a number of practical examples. Problems, with solutions, are provided at the ends of the chapters, for readers to solve for themselves. The book is presented in two Parts. Part I starts with a brief review of the problems encountered in engineering, showing that they of two broad types. It then describes boundary element treatments of problems of the potential type, using both constant and quadratic boundary elements. Part II is concerned with elastic stress analysis problems of the plane strain and plane stress types.
Material Type:
Open Textbook
Author:
Roger Fenner
Date Added:
Sep 13, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 13, 2016
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Select this link to open drop down to add material Boundary Element Methods for Engineers: Part I to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.This book describes the various filtration processes using membranes such as...
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.This book describes the various filtration processes using membranes such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis. Basic fluid mechanics concepts are reviewed in order to permit to describe the flow inside filtration modules and their circuits. It provides methods for calculating permeate fluxes, pressure drops and shear rates, both in laminar and turbulent flows and to model flows in industrial systems. It reviews the main applications of membrane filtration in dairy and food industries, in medical and biotechnological applications and waste water treatment. It describes a technico-economic method for minimizing process costs. The last chapter describes the recent concept of dynamic filtration with rotating or vibrating membranes which is very efficient, together with available industrial modules.
Material Type:
Open Textbook
Author:
Michel Jaffrin
Date Added:
Sep 13, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 13, 2016
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.This book is written to introduce the basics of computational fluid dynamics...
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.This book is written to introduce the basics of computational fluid dynamics including turbulence modelling. The book contains three parts: basic computational fluid dynamics (CFD), turbulence modelling and application of CFD to some selected problems of human thermodynamics. The idea of the first part is to describe different numerical methods and algorithms in a simple manner and to enable the readers to write their first CFD programs. The aim of the second part is to cover fundamental aspects of turbulence modelling starting from the physics and principles of the statistical description of turbulence. A short introduction to basic CFD models based on Reynolds averaging and Large Eddy Simulation is given in a clear and simple form. The last part of the book is devoted to the application of CFD to various problems connected to interaction between human body and surrounding medium. The book can be used for lecture courses on CFD, turbulence modelling and applied human thermodynamics.
Material Type:
Open Textbook
Author:
Nikolai Kornev
Date Added:
Sep 13, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 13, 2016
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Select this link to open drop down to add material Lectures on computational fluid dynamics to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.Fluid power is used in a vast range of applications, often with fast response...
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.Fluid power is used in a vast range of applications, often with fast response times and for power levels that can be up to several MW and where no other form of actuation is feasible. Fluid power control systems may be placed in environmentally-difficult applications and increasingly with alternative fluids to pure mineral oil.This book specifically considers the application of electrohydraulic valves in control systems, an extremely important part of fluid power. The aim is to bring together various key aspects and up to a design level beyond a basic text but without an overload of fundamental derivations. Some background theory is still considered essential but only at a level that allows the reader to get a ‘feel’ for how it is used in practice. The layout of the book is such that the reader may progress through it from basics of steady-state operation to essential concepts of dynamic design and control.
Material Type:
Open Textbook
Author:
John Watton
Date Added:
Sep 13, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 13, 2016
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Select this link to open drop down to add material Electrohydraulic Control Systems to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.This book, viz. Cryogenic Engineering: Software solutions – Vol II, is the second...
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This is a free textbook offered by BookBoon.This book, viz. Cryogenic Engineering: Software solutions – Vol II, is the second in the series on Cryogenic Engineering: Software Solutions, and deals with the liquefaction of gases.Now, Vol II is being published in two volumes, viz. Cryogenic Engineering: Software solutions – Vol II A and Vol II B. Vol–II A contains the background theory, definitions and formulas and the problems solved with Engineering Equation Solver (EES). Vol II B contains problems solved with Mathcad. So, it is advisable that one refers to both the parts II A and II B.In this book, i.e. Vol II A: first, a thermodynamic background for cryogenic liquefaction is given. Next, various cycles for liquefaction of gases are explained and the calculation formulas for the pay-off functions are given. Finally, various types of heat exchangers, hear transfer correlations, calculation formulas and graphs for analysis by LMTD and NTU methods are given. And, Second Law analysis of the cryogenic systems is explained briefly.Some data on commercial liquefiers for Air, Hydrogen and Helium are also given.
Material Type:
Open Textbook
Author:
M. Thirumaleshwar
Date Added:
Sep 13, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 13, 2016
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Select this link to open drop down to add material Cryogenic Engineering: Software Solutions Vol II A to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
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Cotton is the most important crop for the production of fiber that plays a key role in economic and social affairs. The aim...
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Cotton is the most important crop for the production of fiber that plays a key role in economic and social affairs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on cotton seeds regarding its growth, germination of seedling, glutathione (GSH) concentration, indole acetic acid (IAA) content and DNA fingerprinting using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for polymorphism analysis. The seeds of cotton cv. Stoneville-2 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was obtained from DNA Land Marks Inc., Canada and divided into two groups. One group was remained as untreated, while the other was subjected to Mr. Trivedi biofield energy and referred as treated sample. The growth-germination of cotton seedling data showed higher germination (82%) in biofield treated seeds as compared to the control (68%). The alterations in length of shoot and root of cotton seedling was reported in the treated sample with respect to untreated seeds. However, the endogenous level of GSH in the leaves of treated cotton was increased by 27.68% as compared to the untreated sample, which may suggest an improved immunity of cotton plant. Further, the plant growth regulatory constituent i.e. IAA concentration was increased by 7.39%, as compared with the control. Besides, the DNA fingerprinting data, showed polymorphism (4%) between treated and untreated samples of cotton. The overall results suggest that the biofield energy treatment on cotton seeds, results in improved overall growth of plant, increase germination rate, GSH and IAA concentration were increased. The study assumed that biofield energy treatment on cotton seeds would be more useful for the production of cotton fiber.
Material Type:
Open Journal-Article
Author:
Mahendra Trivedi
Date Added:
Sep 12, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 12, 2016
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Select this link to open drop down to add material Analysis of Genetic Diversity Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers and Growth Regulator Response in Biofield Treated Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
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Barium calcium tungsten oxide (Ba2CaWO6) is known for its double perovskite-type crystal structure. The present study was...
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Barium calcium tungsten oxide (Ba2CaWO6) is known for its double perovskite-type crystal structure. The present study was designed to see the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, atomic, and structural properties of Ba2CaWO6. In this study, Ba2CaWO6 powder sample was divided into two parts, one part was remained as untreated, denoted as control, while the other part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and coded as treated. After that, the control and treated samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The XRD data revealed that the crystallite size was decreased by 20% in the treated Ba2CaWO6 sample as compared to the control. The surface area of treated Ba2CaWO6 was increased by 9.68% as compared to the control sample. The FT-IR spectroscopic analysis exhibited that the absorbance band corresponding to stretching vibration of W-O bond was shifted to higher wavenumber from 665 cm-1 (control) to 673 cm-1 after biofield energy treatment. The ESR spectra showed that the signal width and height were decreased by 88.9 and 90.7% in treated Ba2CaWO6 sample as compared to the control. Therefore, above result revealed that biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on the physical and structural properties of Ba2CaWO6.
Material Type:
Open Journal-Article
Author:
Mahendra Trivedi
Date Added:
Sep 12, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 12, 2016
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Select this link to open drop down to add material Evaluation of Physical and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Barium Calcium Tungsten Oxide to your Bookmark Collection or Course ePortfolio
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Protose is the enzyme digest of mixed proteins that is recommended for culture media, bulk production of enzymes,...
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Protose is the enzyme digest of mixed proteins that is recommended for culture media, bulk production of enzymes, antibiotics, toxins, veterinary preparations, etc. This study was proposed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of protose. The study was achieved in two groups i.e. control and treated. The control group was remained as untreated, while the treated group was received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. Finally, both the control and treated samples were evaluated using various analytical techniques. The X-ray diffractograms (XRD) of control and treated samples showed the halo patterns peak that suggested the amorphous nature of both the samples of protose. The particle size analysis showed about 12.68% and 90.94 increase in the average particle size (d50) and d99 (particle size below which 99% particles are present) of treated protose with respect to the control. The surface area analysis revealed the 4.96% decrease in the surface area of treated sample as compared to the control sample. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed the 22.49% increase in the latent heat of fusion of treated sample as compared to the control. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis showed increase in maximum thermal degradation temperature (Tmax) by 5.02% in treated sample as compared to the control. The increase in Tmax might be correlated with increased thermal stability of treated sample as compared to the control. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) study showed the alteration in the vibrational frequency of functional groups like N-H, C-H, and S=O of treated protose as compared to the control sample. Based on the overall analytical results, it is concluded that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on the physicochemical and spectral properties of protose. As a result, the treated protose might be more effective as a culture medium than the corresponding control.
Material Type:
Open Journal-Article
Author:
Mahendra Trivedi
Date Added:
Sep 11, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 11, 2016
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The date palm is mainly cultivated for the production of sweet fruit. Date palm callus initiation medium (DPCIM) is used for...
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The date palm is mainly cultivated for the production of sweet fruit. Date palm callus initiation medium (DPCIM) is used for plant tissue culture applications. The present work is intended to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal and spectral properties of the DPCIM. The control and treated DPCIM were evaluated by various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, particle size analyzer (PSA), surface area analyzer and ultra violet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) analysis. The XRD analysis revealed a decrease in intensity of XRD peaks of the treated sample as compared to the control. The crystallite size of the treated DPCIM (81.02 nm) was decreased with respect to the control sample (84.99 nm). The DSC analysis showed a slight decrease in melting temperature of the treated sample. Additionally, the latent heat of fusion of treated sample was changed by 45.66% as compared to the control sample. The TGA analysis showed an increase in onset degradation temperature of the treated sample (182ºC) as compared to the control sample (142ºC). This indicated the increase in thermal stability of the treated DPCIM. PSA results demonstrated an increase in average particle size (d50) and size showed by 99% of particles (d99) by 19.2 and 40.4%, respectively as compared to the control sample. The surface area analyzer showed a decrease in surface area of treated DPCIM by 13.4%, which was well supported by the particle size results. UV spectra of the treated sample showed the disappearance of absorption peak 261 nm in treated sample as compared to the control. Overall, the result showed that biofield energy treatment has a paramount influence on physical, thermal and spectral properties of DPCIM. Therefore, it is assumed that biofield treated DPCIM could be used as a better medium for plant tissue culture applications.
Material Type:
Open Journal-Article
Author:
Mahendra Trivedi
Date Added:
Sep 11, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 11, 2016
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Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was...
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Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2. The MoO2 powder sample was divided into two parts, one part was remained as untreated, called as control, while the other part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and called as treated. Both control and treated samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD data exhibited that the biofield treatment has altered the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density and molecular weight of the treated sample as compared to the control. The TGA study revealed that the onset temperature of thermal degradation of MoO2 was reduced from 702.87°C to 691.92°C. Besides, the FT-IR spectra exhibited that the absorption band corresponding to Mo=O stretching vibration was shifted to lower wavenumber i.e. 975 cm-1 (control) to 970 cm-1 in treated sample. Hence, above results suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2 powder. Therefore, the biofield treatment could be applied to modify the catalytic properties of MoO2 in pharmaceutical industries.
Material Type:
Open Journal-Article
Author:
Mahendra Trivedi
Date Added:
Sep 11, 2016
Date Modified:
Sep 11, 2016
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