This learning activity is designed to be used in a large introductory chemistry course, as part of a larger module of learning activities that include a prior reading of a short background information document. By working in small groups to discuss the presented information and question prompts, students will apply concepts seen in earlier coursework to explore a topic of societal or environmental relevance. No new conceptual information is delivered in this activity; rather this is an opportunity to show students how the chemistry concepts they have developed support a detailed scientific understanding of a significant issue.Students should be tasked with working together to complete the prompts in each section of the activity by a set time limit. After each section is completed, the entire class can share their answers via a personal response system, and the instructor can review and explain the correct responses, using the accompanying slide deck, which translates the problems into multiple-choice prompts.Instructional resources include 1) background information (.docx and .pdf) 2) the learning activity (.docx and .pdf) 3) the learning objects (.docx and .pdf) and 4) the slide deck (.pptx). Topics include: Methyl Transferase Enzymes, Nitrogen Cycle, Ozone and Chlorofluorocarbons, and Penicillin.