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An algorithm works by following a step-by-step process to solve a problem or perform a task. It’s essentially a set of well-defined instructions or rules that guide the computer or a system through a series of operations to reach a solution. Here's how an algorithm typically works:

Input: The algorithm starts by receiving inputs—these could be numbers, data, or any kind of information relevant to the problem.

Process: It then performs a series of operations on the input. These steps are written to transform or manipulate the data in some way, based on the problem you're trying to solve. Each step should be clear and finite.

Decision-making: Many algorithms include decision points where the system checks a condition and decides what to do next. For example, “If X happens, do A; otherwise, do B.”

Iteration: Some algorithms repeat certain steps multiple times. This is called iteration, and it’s used to refine results or process a set of data incrementally.

Output: Finally, after processing the data, the algorithm produces an output—this could be a solution to the problem or a new set of data.

Termination: Once the steps are completed, the algorithm finishes. It might stop after reaching the desired result or when a certain condition is met.

References:

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