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The image, Figure 1.4 from Genomes. 2nd edition, displays a bacteriophage and how they infect bacteria through the lytic cycle. The enlarged image of the bacteriophage shows the features of a head-and-tail bacteriophage, like a T2 phage, with its DNA encased in a protein capsid. In the lytic infection cycle, the example infection into an Escherichia coli bacterium by a T2 phage causes the phage genome to direct the synthesis of new phages. The T2 phage infection cycle at 37°C takes about 20 minutes and ends with lysis that releases 250-300 new phages. Some other phages like the λ phages follow a lysogenic infection cycle in which the phage genome integrates into the bacterium genome and remains for several generations.

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