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Cell therapy is where they inject cells as a treatment, usually but not always modified cells they previously took out of the organism. Using a brain organoid, a lab-grown brain is more accurate for testing medicines than mice are. More human-like animals such as apes are expensive so lab grown cells are sometimes the best option. A problem with traditional cell culture is that it is 2D and does not accurately represent how the cells in our body grow in 3D. Organoids however do work in 3D. Using lab-grown brains, they are able to look at the development of the brain and its response to drugs to see if it can be used to test cell therapy. When they injected the brain organoids with the cells, there was not that much damage but the brain organoid did eject some cells. The organoids do not have that much of an immune system so a weakness of testing with the organoids is they can not see what the body's immune response will be to the cell therapy, but other than that it appears to be a good model for testing and makes it so less use of animals is required.

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