Abstract This work extends the Graphic System for Physiological Causality to cardiovascular and renal systems, providing a standardized visual language for: 1. Baroreceptor reflex: Mapping arterial pressure regulation through sympathetic/ parasympathetic vectors. 2. Starling pressures: Representing capillary fluid exchange as balanced radial axes (hydrostatic vs. oncotic pressures). 3. Renal autoregulation: Integrating pre/post-glomerular arteriole responses to pressure changes. Methodology: - Parameters as radial axes (↑/↓ states) (e.g., pressure, flow, resistance) - Regulatory relationships as directional vectors - Pathologic states as anchored text modules (e.g., hypovolemia: baroreceptor reflex activation, Starling forces imbalance): bridge mechanisms to clinical practice. - Modular design scales from core loops (e.g., Starling forces) to multi-axis integrations (e.g., RAAS-baroreflex crosstalk). Educational value: - Cognitive load reduction: Single schematic unifies disparate concepts (e.g., merges baroreceptor reflex with renal compensation). - Clinical translation: Anchors map to high-yield pathological content without intermediary steps. - Scalability: Supports expansion (e.g., from two-axis loop to multi-axis integration) as a three-tier complexity physiology-pathophysiology-clinical. Conclusion: Built on established physiological principles, this adaptation enables pattern recognition and demonstrates the framework’s versatility for hemodynamic teaching, by making circular causality visible, with potential applications from preclinical instruction to critical care training.
Methodology Notice: All diagrams in this manuscript were created using the Dr Mihăilă Graphic System®, a standardized visual method for transforming causal relationships into intuitive geometric models (multi‑axis structures and circular‑arc feedback systems). This graphical methodology has been fully detailed in our foundational work and is applied here to the specific domain addressed in this manuscript.
Trademark Notice: Dr Mihăilă Graphic System® is an officially registered trademark under the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO).
Keywords: hemodynamic modeling, visual pedagogy, baroreceptor reflex, Starling forces, renal autoregulation
